Wellbeing & Health MSK Clinics / Clinical Evidence Library

Verified PubMed research additions

Updated October 2026. Each entry links to an identifiable PubMed record. These are additional sources to review against the existing bibliography; no claim is made that all are new or that the entire bibliography has been independently validated.

Evidence interpretation: knee corticosteroid injection benefit is primarily short-term. Hyaluronic acid evidence is mixed. For rotator cuff pain, trials and reviews vary in certainty and do not establish that one exercise programme is universally superior. Research should not be interpreted as guaranteed individual outcomes.

  1. Knee osteoarthritis — Bensa, A. et al. (2024). Intra-articular corticosteroid injections provide a clinically relevant benefit compared to placebo only at short-term follow-up in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12057. PubMed PMID 38294103
  2. Knee osteoarthritis — Bensa, A. et al. (2024). Corticosteroid injections for knee osteoarthritis offer clinical benefits similar to hyaluronic acid and lower than platelet-rich plasma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed PMID 39222336
  3. Knee osteoarthritis — Arroll, B. and Goodyear-Smith, F. (2004). Corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis of the knee: meta-analysis. BMJ. PubMed PMID 15039276
  4. Knee osteoarthritis — The OA Trial Bank (2023). Update of individual patient data meta-analysis of intra-articular glucocorticoids in persons with knee and hip osteoarthritis. PubMed PMID 37284460
  5. Knee osteoarthritis — Efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injections in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2021). PubMed PMID 33901659
  6. Shoulder rehabilitation — Liu, J. et al. (2026). Effectiveness of exercise therapy versus passive conservative treatments for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 83, 103556. DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2026.103556. PubMed PMID 41990400
  7. Shoulder rehabilitation — Kucksdorf, J.J. et al. (2024). Reproducibility of Exercise Interventions in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Treatment of Rotator Cuff-Related Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 105(4), 770–780. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.09.007. PubMed PMID 37741486
  8. Shoulder rehabilitation — Lafrance, S. et al. (2024). The Efficacy of Exercise Therapy for Rotator Cuff-Related Shoulder Pain According to the FITT Principle: A Systematic Review With Meta-analyses. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2024.12453. PubMed PMID 38848304
  9. Shoulder rehabilitation — Türkmen, E., Kuş, G. and Yeldan, İ. (2026). Effectiveness of the therapeutic rehabilitation methods applied to scapula on rotator cuff pathologies: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Hand Therapy, 39(1), 72–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2025.05.003. PubMed PMID 40615303
  10. Shoulder rehabilitation — Kuhn, J.E. (2009). Exercise in the treatment of rotator cuff impingement: a systematic review and a synthesized evidence-based rehabilitation protocol. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2008.06.004. PubMed PMID 18835532
  11. Shoulder rehabilitation — Effects of seven types of exercise in the treatment of rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis (2025). PubMed PMID 41276811

Publication metadata and DOI should be reconciled against the full PubMed records before inclusion in the master Harvard bibliography.

Master Harvard bibliography